©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS30235G-page 1
Devices included in this data sheet:
Referred to collectively as PIC16C62X .
· PIC16C620
· PIC16C620A
· PIC16C621
· PIC16C621A
· PIC16C622
· PIC16C622A
· PIC16CR620A
High Performance RISC CPU:
· Only 35 instructions to learn
· All single-cycle instructions (200 ns), except for
program branches which are two-cycle
· Operating speed:
- DC - 20 MHz clock input
- DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
· Interrupt capability
· 16 special function hardware registers
· 8-level deep hardware stack
· Direct, Indirect and Relative addressing modes
Peripheral Features:
· 13 I/O pins with individual direction control
· High current sink/source for direct LED drive
· Analog comparator module with:
- Two analog comparators
- Programmable on-chip voltage reference
(V
REF
) module
- Programmable input multiplexing from device
inputs and internal voltage reference
- Comparator outputs can be output signals
· Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit
programmable prescaler
Special Microcontroller Features:
· Power-on Reset (POR)
· Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up
Timer (OST)
· Brown-out Reset
· Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
Device
Program
Memory
Data
Memory
PIC16C620
512
80
PIC16C620A
512
96
PIC16CR620A
512
96
PIC16C621
1K
80
PIC16C621A
1K
96
PIC16C622
2K
128
PIC16C622A
2K
128
Pin Diagrams
Special Microcontroller Features (cont'd)
· Programmable code protection
· Power saving SLEEP mode
· Selectable oscillator options
· Serial in-circuit programming (via two pins)
· Four user programmable ID locations
CMOS Technology:
· Low-power, high-speed CMOS EPROM technol-
ogy
· Fully static design
· Wide operating voltage range
- PIC16C62X - 2.5V to 6.0V
- PIC16C62XA - 2.5V to 5.5V
- PIC16CR620A - 2.0V to 5.5V
· Commercial, industrial and extended tempera-
ture range
· Low power consumption
- < 2.0 mA @ 5.0V, 4.0 MHz
- 15
µ
A typical @ 3.0V, 32 kHz
- < 1.0
µ
A typical standby current @ 3.0V
RA1/AN1
RA0/AN0
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
OSC1/CLKIN
RA2/AN2/V
REF
RA3/AN3
MCLR/V
PP
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RA4/T0CKI
PIC16C62X
RA1/AN1
RA0/AN0
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
OSC1/CLKIN
RA2/AN2/V
REF
RA3/AN3
MCLR/V
PP
V
SS
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RA4/T0CKI
RB3
RB3
V
DD
PDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP
SSOP
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
·1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
·1
19
18
16
15
14
13
12
11
17
18
17
15
14
13
12
11
10
16
20
PIC16C62X
EPROM-Based 8-Bit CMOS Microcontroller
PIC16C62X
©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS30235G-page 3
PIC16C62X
Table of Contents
1.0
General Description......................................................................................................................................................................5
2.0
PIC16C62X Device Varieties .......................................................................................................................................................7
3.0
Architectural Overview .................................................................................................................................................................9
4.0
Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.0
I/O Ports .................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
6.0
Timer0 Module .......................................................................................................................................................................... 31
7.0
Comparator Module................................................................................................................................................................... 37
8.0
Voltage Reference Module........................................................................................................................................................ 43
9.0
Special Features of the CPU..................................................................................................................................................... 45
10.0
Instruction Set Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 61
11.0
Development Support................................................................................................................................................................ 73
12.0
Electrical Specifications............................................................................................................................................................. 79
13.0
Device Characterization Information ......................................................................................................................................... 93
14.0
Packaging Information............................................................................................................................................................... 95
Appendix A:
Enhancements.......................................................................................................................................................... 101
Appendix B:
Compatibility ............................................................................................................................................................. 101
Appendix C:
What's New............................................................................................................................................................... 102
Appendix D:
What's Changed ....................................................................................................................................................... 102
Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 103
PIC16C62X Product Identification System ........................................................................................................................................ 107
To Our Valued Customers
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©
1998 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS30235G-page 5
PIC16C62X
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The
PIC16C62X are 18 and 20 Pin
ROM/EPROM-based members of the versatile PICmi-
croTM family of low-cost, high-performance, CMOS,
fully-static, 8-bit microcontrollers.
All PICmicroTM microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. The PIC16C62X have enhanced
core features, eight-level deep stack, and multiple inter-
nal and external interrupt sources. The separate
instruction and data buses of the Harvard architecture
allow a 14-bit wide instruction word with the separate
8-bit wide data. The two-stage instruction pipeline
allows all instructions to execute in a single-cycle,
except for program branches (which require two
cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced instruction
set) are available. Additionally, a large register set gives
some of the architectural innovations used to achieve a
very high performance.
PIC16C62X microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and a 4:1 speed improvement over
other 8-bit microcontrollers in their class.
The PIC16C620A, PIC16C621A and PIC16CR620A
have 96 bytes of RAM. The PIC16C622(A) has 128
bytes of RAM. Each device has 13 I/O pins and an 8-bit
timer/counter with an 8-bit programmable prescaler. In
addition, the PIC16C62X adds two analog comparators
with a programmable on-chip voltage reference mod-
ule. The comparator module is ideally suited for appli-
cations requiring a low-cost analog interface (e.g.,
battery chargers, threshold detectors, white goods
controllers, etc).
PIC16C62X devices have special features to reduce
external components, thus reducing system cost,
enhancing system reliability and reducing power con-
sumption. There are four oscillator options, of which the
single pin RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution,
the LP oscillator minimizes power consumption, XT is a
standard crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crystals.
The SLEEP (power-down) mode offers power savings.
The user can wake up the chip from SLEEP through
several external and internal interrupts and reset.
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software
lock- up.
A UV-erasable CERDIP-packaged version is ideal for
code development while the cost-effective One-Time
Programmable (OTP) version is suitable for production
in any volume.
Table 1-1 shows the features of the PIC16C62X
mid-range microcontroller families.
A simplified block diagram of the PIC16C62X is shown
in Figure 3-1.
The PIC16C62X series fit perfectly in applications
ranging from battery chargers to low-power remote
sensors. The EPROM technology makes customization
of application programs (detection levels, pulse gener-
ation, timers, etc.) extremely fast and convenient. The
small footprint packages make this microcontroller
series perfect for all applications with space limitations.
Low-cost, low-power, high-performance, ease of use
and I/O flexibility make the PIC16C62X very versatile.
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Those users familiar with the PIC16C5X family of
microcontrollers will realize that this is an enhanced
version of the PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to
Appendix A for a detailed list of enhancements. Code
written for the PIC16C5X can be easily ported to
PIC16C62X family of devices (Appendix B). The
PIC16C62X family fills the niche for users wanting to
migrate up from the PIC16C5X family and not needing
various peripheral features of other members of the
PIC16XX mid-range microcontroller family.
1.2
Development Support
The PIC16C62X family is supported by a full-featured
macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit
emulator, a low-cost development programmer and a
full-featured programmer. A "C" compiler and fuzzy
logic support tools are also available.
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