©
1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40143B-page 1
Devices included in this data sheet:
Referred to collectively as PIC16C55X(A).
· PIC16C554
PIC16C554A
PIC16C556A
· PIC16C558
PIC16C558A
High Performance RISC CPU:
· Only 35 instructions to learn
· All single-cycle instructions (200 ns), except for
program branches which are two-cycle
· Operating speed:
- DC - 20 MHz clock input
- DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
· Interrupt capability
· 16 special function hardware registers
· 8-level deep hardware stack
· Direct, Indirect and Relative addressing modes
Peripheral Features:
· 13 I/O pins with individual direction control
· High current sink/source for direct LED drive
· Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit
programmable prescaler
Special Microcontroller Features:
· Power-on Reset (POR)
· Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up
Timer (OST)
· Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
Device
Program
Memory
Data
Memory
PIC16C554
512
80
PIC16C554A
512
80
PIC16C556A
1K
80
PIC16C558
2K
128
PIC16C558A
2K
128
Pin Diagram
Special Microcontroller Features (cont'd)
· Programmable code protection
· Power saving SLEEP mode
· Selectable oscillator options
· Serial in-circuit programming (via two pins)
· Four user programmable ID locations
CMOS Technology:
· Low-power, high-speed CMOS EPROM technology
· Fully static design
· Wide operating voltage range
- 2.5V to 5.5V PIC16C55X
- 3.0 to 5.5V PIC16C55XA
· Commercial, industrial and extended tempera-
ture range
· Low power consumption
- < 2.0 mA @ 5.0V, 4.0 MHz
- 15
µ
A typical @ 3.0V, 32 kHz
- < 1.0
µ
A typical standby current @ 3.0V
RA1
RA0
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
OSC1/CLKIN
RA2
RA3
MCLR
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RA4/T0CKI
RA1
RA0
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
OSC1/CLKIN
RA2
RA3
MCLR
V
SS
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RA4/T0CKI
PIC16C55X(A)
RB3
RB3
V
DD
PDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP
SSOP
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
·1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
·1
19
18
16
15
14
13
12
11
17
18
17
15
14
13
12
11
10
16
20
PIC16C55X(A)
EPROM-Based 8-Bit CMOS Microcontroller
PIC16C55X(A)
©
1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40143B-page 3
PIC16C55X(A)
Table of Contents
1.0
General Description......................................................................................................................................................................5
2.0
PIC16C55X(A) Device Varieties...................................................................................................................................................7
3.0
Architectural Overview .................................................................................................................................................................9
4.0
Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.0
I/O Ports .................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
6.0
Timer0 Module .......................................................................................................................................................................... 29
7.0
Special Features of the CPU..................................................................................................................................................... 35
8.0
Instruction Set Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 51
9.0
Development Support................................................................................................................................................................ 63
10.0
Electrical Specifications............................................................................................................................................................. 67
11.0
Packaging Information............................................................................................................................................................... 79
Appendix A:
Enhancements............................................................................................................................................................ 87
Appendix B:
Compatibility ............................................................................................................................................................... 87
INDEX .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 89
PIC16C55X(A) Product Identification System...................................................................................................................................... 95
To Our Valued Customers
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©
1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40143B-page 5
PIC16C55X(A)
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16C55X(A) are 18 and 20-Pin EPROM-based
members of the versatile PIC16CXX family of low-cost,
high-performance, CMOS, fully-static, 8-bit
microcontrollers.
All
PICmicroTM microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. The PIC16C55X(A) have enhanced
core features, eight-level deep stack, and multiple inter-
nal and external interrupt sources. The separate
instruction and data buses of the Harvard architecture
allow a 14-bit wide instruction word with the separate
8-bit wide data. The two-stage instruction pipeline
allows all instructions to execute in a single-cycle,
except for program branches (which require two
cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced instruction
set) are available. Additionally, a large register set gives
some of the architectural innovations used to achieve a
very high performance.
PIC16C55X(A) microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and a 4:1 speed improvement over
other 8-bit microcontrollers in their class.
The PIC16C554(A) and PIC16C556A have 80 bytes of
RAM. The PIC16C558(A) has 128 bytes of RAM. Each
device has 13 I/O pins and an 8-bit timer/counter with
an 8-bit programmable prescaler.
PIC16C55X(A) devices have special features to reduce
external components, thus reducing cost, enhancing
system reliability and reducing power consumption.
There are four oscillator options, of which the single pin
RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution, the LP
oscillator minimizes power consumption, XT is a
standard crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crystals.
The SLEEP (power-down) mode offers power saving.
The user can wake up the chip from SLEEP through
several external and internal interrupts and reset.
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software
lock- up.
A UV-erasable CERDIP-packaged version is ideal for
code development while the cost-effective One-Time
Programmable (OTP) version is suitable for production
in any volume.
Table 1-1 shows the features of the PIC16C55X(A)
mid-range microcontroller families.
A simplified block diagram of the PIC16C55X(A) is
shown in Figure 3-1.
The PIC16C55X(A) series fit perfectly in applications
ranging from motor control to low-power remote sen-
sors. The EPROM technology makes customization of
application programs (detection levels, pulse genera-
tion, timers, etc.) extremely fast and convenient. The
small footprint packages make this microcontroller
series perfect for all applications with space limitations.
Low-cost, low-power, high-performance, ease of use
and I/O flexibility make the PIC16C55X(A) very versa-
tile.
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Those users familiar with the PIC16C5X family of
microcontrollers will realize that this is an enhanced
version of the PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to
Appendix A for a detailed list of enhancements. Code
written for PIC16C5X can be easily ported to
PIC16C55X(A) family of devices (Appendix B).
The PIC16C55X(A) family fills the niche for users want-
ing to migrate up from the PIC16C5X family and not
needing various peripheral features of other members
of the PIC16XX mid-range microcontroller family.
1.2
Development Support
The PIC16C55X(A) family is supported by a full-fea-
tured macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-cir-
cuit emulator, a low-cost development programmer and
a full-featured programmer. A "C" compiler and fuzzy
logic support tools are also available.
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